Economic and Social Vocabulary
Economic articles revolve around change expressions such as increase/decrease and rise/fall alongside the figures themselves. You need to get comfortable with vocabulary that signals both direction and degree.
Change and Trend
| Word | Romanization | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ๊ธ์ฆ / ๊ธ๊ฐ | geupjeung / geupgam | sharp increase / sharp decrease |
| ๋ํ | dunhwa | slowdown |
| ๋ฐ๋ฑ / ํญ๋ฝ | bandeung / poklak | rebound / plunge |
| ๋ณดํฉ์ธ | bohapse | holding steady, flat |
์๋น์๋ฌผ๊ฐ ์์น๋ฅ ์ด ์ ๋
๋์ ๋๋น 3.2% ์ฌ๋ผ 5๊ฐ์ ๋ง์ ์ต๊ณ ์น๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ๋ค.
sobijamulga sangseungryuri jeonnyeon dongwol daebi 3.2% olla 5gaewol mane choegochireul girokhaetda.
The consumer price inflation rate rose 3.2% year-on-year, marking the highest in five months.
ํ๊ตญ์ํ์ด ๊ธฐ์ค๊ธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 0.25%ํฌ์ธํธ ์ธ์ํ๋ฉด์ ๊ฐ๊ณ ๋ถ์ฑ ๋ถ๋ด์ด ์ปค์ง ์ ๋ง์ด๋ค.
hangukeunhaengi gijungeumnireul 0.25%pointeu insanghamyeonseo gagye buchae budami keojil jeonmangida.
As the Bank of Korea raised the base rate by 0.25 percentage points, the household debt burden is expected to grow.
Social Issue Vocabulary
์ ์ถ์๊ณผ ๊ณ ๋ นํ๊ฐ ๋ง๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์ ๋
ธ๋ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ์๊ฐ ์ฌํ์ ํ์์ผ๋ก ๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค.
jeochulsaenggwa goryeonghwaga matmullimyeonseo nodong ingu gamsoga sahoejeok hyeonaneuro tteoollatda.
As low birth rates and aging overlap, the shrinking workforce has emerged as a pressing social issue.
| Expression | Meaning |
|---|---|
| ์ ๋ ๋์ ๋๋น | compared to the same month last year (year-on-year) |
| ๊ธฐ๋กํ๋ค | to record, post (a figure) |
| ~๋ก ๋ ์ค๋ฅด๋ค | to emerge as ~ |
| ์ ๋ง์ด๋ค / ์ ๋ง๋๋ค | is expected / forecast |
Employment and Market Vocabulary
| Word | Romanization | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ์นจ์ฒด | gyeonggi chimche | economic recession |
| ์ค์ ๋ฅ / ๊ณ ์ฉ๋ฅ | sireomnyul / goyongnyul | unemployment rate / employment rate |
| ๋ด์ ๋ถ์ง | naesu bujin | weak domestic demand |
| ๋ฌด์ญ์์ง ํ์ / ์ ์ | muyeoksuji heukja / jeokja | trade surplus / deficit |
์ฒญ๋
์ค์
๋ฅ ์ด ๋ ์๋ฆฟ์๋ก ์น์์ผ๋ฉด์ ๊ณ ์ฉ ํํ๊ฐ ํ์คํ๋๋ค.
cheongnyeon sireomnyuri du jaritsuro chisoseumyeonseo goyong hanpaga hyeonsilhwadwaetda.
As youth unemployment soared into double digits, the employment freeze became a reality.
์ยท๋ฌ๋ฌ ํ์จ์ด ์ฅ์ค 1,400์์ ๋ํํ๋ฉฐ ์์
๋ฌผ๊ฐ ์์น ์ฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ํค์ ๋ค.
wonยทdalleo hwannyuri jangjung 1,400woneul dolpahamyeo suip mulga sangseung uryeoreul kiwotda.
The won-dollar exchange rate broke past 1,400 won intraday, heightening concerns over rising import prices.
๐ก Tip: In data-driven articles, memorize the three words '๋๋น' (compared to), '๋ง์' (after / in), and '๊ธฐ๋ก' (record) as a set. '5๊ฐ์ ๋ง์ ์ต๊ณ ์น๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ก' means 'the highest in five months'.