Progressive -고 있다

Use '-고 있어요' to describe an action happening right now.

Basic Form

Attach '-고 있어요' to the verb stem; the past form is '-고 있었어요'.

BaseProgressiveMeaning
먹다먹고 있어요am eating
공부하다공부하고 있어요am studying
보다보고 있어요am watching
자다자고 있어요am sleeping
지금 한국어를 공부하고 있어요.
jigeum hangugeoreul gongbuhago isseoyo.
I'm studying Korean now.
동생이 텔레비전을 보고 있어요.
dongsaengi tellebijeoneul bogo isseoyo.
My younger sibling is watching TV.
아까 밥을 먹고 있었어요.
akka babeul meokgo isseosseoyo.
I was eating a moment ago.

Honorific

For an elder's action, use the honorific '-고 계세요'.

할머니께서 주무시고 계세요.
halmeonikkeseo jumusigo gyeseyo.
Grandmother is sleeping.
선생님이 지금 전화하고 계세요.
seonsaengnimi jigeum jeonhwahago gyeseyo.
The teacher is on the phone now.
요즘 운동을 하고 있어요.
yojeum undongeul hago isseoyo.
These days I'm exercising.
뭐 하고 있어?
mwo hago isseo?
What are you doing?

State with -아/어 있다

'-고 있다' marks an ongoing action while '-아/어 있다' marks the resulting state after an action finishes; compare '앉고 있다' (the act of sitting down) with '앉아 있다' (being in a seated state).

문이 열려 있어요.
muni yeollyeo isseoyo.
The door is open.
FormMeaningExample
-고 있다in progress옷을 입고 있어요
-아/어 있다resulting state의자에 앉아 있어요
-고 계시다progressive honorific쉬고 계세요
💡 Tip: Use '-고 있다' only with action verbs, not with adjectives like 예쁘다.
💡 Tip: Wearing verbs like 입다, 신다, and 쓰다 can mean both the action and the ongoing state, so '입고 있다' covers both.
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