From/Until & To-Someone: 부터·까지 / 에게·한테·께
부터 (buteo) marks a starting point ('from'), and 까지 (kkaji) marks an end point ('until' or 'to'). 에게/한테/께 mark the recipient when giving something to a person ('to').
부터 and 까지 (from ~ until)
아홉 시부터 다섯 시까지 일해요.
ahop si-buteo daseot si-kkaji ilhaeyo.
I work from nine to five.
집에서 학교까지 멀어요.
jip-eseo hakgyo-kkaji meoreoyo.
It is far from home to school.
월요일부터 금요일까지 바빠요.
woryoil-buteo geumyoil-kkaji bappayo.
I am busy from Monday to Friday.
처음부터 다시 해요.
cheoeum-buteo dasi haeyo.
Let's do it again from the beginning.
Note: time usually starts with 부터 and a place starts with 에서, while both time and place end with 까지.
부터 vs 에서 for 'from'
Both mean 'from,' but use 부터 for the start of a time or sequence and 에서 for a place of origin. Compare 아침부터 (from morning) with 집에서 (from home).
에게 / 한테 / 께 (to a person)
에게 (ege) is written, 한테 (hante) is spoken, and 께 (kke) is honorific. Use them when giving something to a person or an animal.
친구한테 선물을 줬어요.
chingu-hante seonmul-eul jwosseoyo.
I gave a gift to my friend.
선생님께 편지를 썼어요.
seonsaengnim-kke pyeonji-reul sseosseoyo.
I wrote a letter to the teacher.
강아지한테 밥을 줘요.
gangaji-hante bap-eul jwoyo.
I give food to the puppy.
에게서 / 한테서 (from a person)
To say you received something from a person, add 서 to form 에게서 / 한테서, meaning 'from someone.'
친구한테서 선물을 받았어요.
chingu-hanteseo seonmul-eul badasseoyo.
I got a gift from my friend.
| Particle | Use | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 부터 (buteo) | start | from |
| 까지 (kkaji) | end | until / to |
| 에게/한테 (ege/hante) | recipient | to (person) |
| 께 (kke) | honorific | to (respected person) |
💡 Tip: For someone of higher status, use 께 instead of 한테/에게, and raise the verb with a humble form like 드리다 (deurida).